Anatomy of Ear | Animation | Extraclass

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Animation illustration of Anatomy of human ear

Actually, our ears perform two sensory functions, hearing and maintenance of body balance.

So let’s learn about the structure of a human ear

Anatomically, the ear can be divided into three major sections
:- the outer ear,
the middle ear
and the inner ear.

The outer ear consists of the pinna and external auditory meatus or (canal).

External auditory meatus extends to form a tympanic membrane or the eardrum and composed of dense connective tissue.

There are very fine hairs and wax-secreting glands in the skin of the pinna and the meatus.

The middle ear contains three ossicles called the malleus, incus, and stapes attached from each other in a chain-like fashion.

The ear ossicles increase the efficiency of transmission of sound waves to the inner ear.

A Eustachian tube helps in equalizing the pressures on either side of the eardrum and connects the middle ear cavity with the pharynx.

The inner ear is known as the labyrinth is composed of 2 parts:- Bony labyrinth and Membranous labyrinth.

The membranous labyrinth lies within the bony labyrinth and is filled with a fluid called perilymph.

The coiled portion of the labyrinth is called the cochlea.

The cochlear membrane divides the bony labyrinth into upper scala vestibule and lower scala tympani.

The space within the cochlea is called scala media and is filled with endolymph.

The organ of Corti is a structure located on the basilar membrane of the cochlea and contains hair cells that act as auditory receptors.

The inner ear also contains a complex system called the vestibular apparatus, located above the cochlea.

The vestibular apparatus is composed of 3 semi-circular canals and an otolith organ consisting of Saccule and utricle.

The base of canals is swollen and is called the ampulla, which contains a projecting ridge called crista ampullar.

The saccule and utricle contain a projecting ridge called macula.

Crista ampullaris and macula are responsible for the maintenance and balance of the body and posture.

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Structure of human ear
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