Japanese Art History Vol. 1 | Buddhist Painting, Picture Scroll, Zen Painting, Ink Painting, etc

+Link to Download Resume
https://shoga.info/?p=5710

+Timeline
00:00 Introduction
02:10 Asuka Period (592-710)
03:30 Nara Period (710-794)
05:25 Heian Period (794-1185)
11:28 Kamakura Period (1185-1333)
13:57 Muromachi Period (1336-1573)

+Summary

1_Asuka Period (592-710)

1.1_Introduction of Buddhism
Around 538: King Seong of Baekje presented the dynasty with a Shaka Buddhist image and the Buddhist scriptures and commentaries, and Buddhism was officially introduced to Japan.

→ Started to produce Buddhist paintings. (wall paintings, crafted products, etc.)

2_ Nara Period (710-794)
2.1_Buddhist Paintings Became Prosperous.
Kentōshi (Japanese missions to Tang China), *Chingokokka
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*Chingokokka : a government policy to stabilize internal affairs using Buddhism or a thought that Buddhism has power to protect and stabilize a country.

3_Heian Period (794-1185)
3.1_The Early Part: Esoteric Buddhism paintings

794: The capital was moved from Nara to Kyōto to eliminate the influence of Nara Buddhism.

→ Shingon sect became pupular. → Esoteric Buddhism paintings became prosperous.

3.2_The Latter Part: Aristocratic Culture

3.2.1_Kokufū Bunka (Japan’s Original National Culture)

894: The Kentōshi was abolished. → Yamato-e paintings developed.

3.2.2_Amida Raigō-zu (Image of the Descent of Amida Buddha)

The belief of Amida ‘if someone believes in Amida Nyorai, he will come and guide the person to the heavens at the time of death’ became popular in the middle Heian period, and many Amida Raigō-zu were painted.

3.2.3_Emakimono (literally ‘picture scroll’)

Genji Monogatari Emaki
Ban Dainagon Ekotoba
Shigisan-engi
Chōjū Jinbutsu Giga

4_Kamakura Period (1185-1333)

4.1_Introduction of Zen Paintings and Suibokuga Ink Wash Paintings from Song Dynasty

Trade between Japan and the Song Dynasty
Zen monk came from Southern Song dynasty.
→ Introduction of Zen Buddhism → Zen paintings / e.g. chinzō (commemorative portraits of Zen masters), paintings of Bodhidharma, etc

→ Introduction of Suibokuga ink wash paintings / e.g. Sansui-ga landscape paintings, kachō-ga flowers & birds paintings, etc

Representative: Kaō Sōnen, Mokuan Reien

5_Kenmu Restoration (1333-1336)

6_Muromachi Period (1336-1573)

6.1_The Early Part: Culture of Song and Yuan Dynasties Became Prosperous.

Painters, who had a close relation with the Ashikaga Shōgun family, showed: Josetsu

6.2_The Middle Part: Higashiyama Culture by Ashikaga Yoshimasa

Nōami, Geiami, Sōami: ‘Dōbōshū’ (a kind of advisor on arts, as good consultant of things imported from China), who served the Ashikaga Shogun Family.

Tenshō Shūbun: Goyō-eshi (official painter) of the Ashikaga Shogun Family

Sesshū Tōyō (1420-1506): Studied under Shūbun; then moved to Suō province. Studied Chinese paintings in Ming Dynasty.

Oguri Sōtan (1413-1481): Became goyō-eshi after Shūbun.

Kanō Masanobu (1434?-1530): The founder of the Kanō school. Became goyō-eshi after Oguri Sōtan.

Tosa Mitsunobu (1434?-1525): Yamato-e painter. Became Kyūtei Edokoro azukari (Head of the Courtly Office for Paintings). Originator of the restoration of the Tosa school.

6.3_The Latter Part: Foundation For the Prosperity of Kanō School Was Established.

Kanō Motonobu (1476-1559): Son of Kanō Masanobu. Perfected the painting style of the Kanō school and laid the foundations for the success of the Kanō school, which continued until the modern era.


#japan #art #history
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