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Sunderban, World's largest mangrove forest, west bengal
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மேற்கு வாங்க மாநில தலைநகர் கொல்கத்தாவில் இருந்து தென்கிழக்கு திசையில் சுமார் 100 கிலோமீட்டர் தொலைவில் அமைந்துள்ளது சுந்தர்வன காடுகள். 10000 சதுர கிலோமீட்டர் பரப்பளவு கொண்ட சுந்தர்வன காடுகள் வங்காள தேசத்தில் 6000 சதுர கிலோமீட்டர் பரப்பளவும் 4000 சதுர கிலோமீட்டர் இந்தியாவிலும் அமைந்துள்ளது. 101 ஆட்கொல்லி புலிகள் வாழும் இந்திய காட்டில் 102 தீவுகள் உள்ளது, இதில் 54 தீவுகள் மனிதர்கள் வசிக்கிறார்கள். மனிதர்களுக்கும் புலிகளுக்கும் நடக்கும் வாழக்கை யுத்தம். இதை படம் பிடித்து அடுத்தடுத்து காணொளிகளில் பதிவேற்றம் செய்யப்படும். இந்த சுந்தர்வன காட்டில் வாழும் மக்களின் வாழ்க்கை உலகில் வேறெங்கும் பார்க்க முடியாது.
The Sundarbans are located about 100 kilometers southeast of the state capital Kolkata in the western part of the country.The Sundarbans forests, which cover an area of ​​10,000 square kilometers, are located in Bangladesh, 6,000 square kilometers, and 4,000 square kilometers in India.There are 102 islands in the Indian forest, home to 101 man-killing tigers, of which 54 islands are inhabited by humans.Battle for life.This will be filmed and uploaded in subsequent videos. The lives of the people living in this Sundarbans forest cannot be seen anywhere else in the world.
Sundarbans (Bengali: সুন্দরবন; pronounced /sʌnˈdɑːrbənz/) is a mangrove forest area in the Ganges Delta formed by the confluence of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna Rivers in the Bay of Bengal. It spans the area from the Hooghly River in India's state of West Bengal to the Baleswar River in Bangladesh's Khulna Division. It comprises closed and open mangrove forests, land used for agricultural purpose, mudflats and barren land, and is intersected by multiple tidal streams and channels.Spread across 10,277 km2 (3,968 sq mi), it is the world's largest mangrove forest, including over 6,017 km2 (2,323 sq mi) in Bangladesh's Khulna Division.In West Bengal's Presidency division, they extend over 4,260 km2 (1,640 sq mi) in the South 24 Parganas and North 24 Parganas districts.
Four protected areas in the Sundarbans are enlisted as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, viz. Sundarbans West, Sundarbans South, Sundarbans East in Bangladesh and Sundarbans National Park in India.The Indian Sundarbans were considered endangered in a 2020 assessment under the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems framework. The most abundant tree species are sundri (Heritiera fomes) and gewa (Excoecaria agallocha). The forests provide habitat to 453 fauna wildlife, including 290 bird, 120 fish, 42 mammal, 35 reptile and eight amphibian species.Despite a total ban on all killing or capture of wildlife other than fish and some invertebrates, there has been a consistent pattern of depleted biodiversity or loss of species in the 20th century, with the ecological quality of the forest declining.
In May 2009, Cyclone Aila devastated the Sundarbans with massive casualties. At least 100,000 people were affected by this cyclone.Experts examining the region recommend further focus on mangrove restoration and management and advocating for adaptation of human populations, through processes like managed retreat and investments in resilient infrastructure.The proposed coal-fired Rampal power station is anticipated to further damage this unique mangrove forest according to a 2016 report by UNESCO.
The history of human settlement in the Sundarbans area can be traced back to Mauryan era (4th-2nd century BCE).A ruin of an abandoned city was found in the Baghmara Forest Block that is attributed to Chand Sadagar, a pre-Mauryan semi-historical figure in Bengali folklore.Archaeological excavation at Kapilmuni, Paikgacha Upazilla, north of the Sundarbans in Bangladesh, revealed ruins of urban settlement dating back to the early middle ages. During the Mughal period, forest tracts were leased out by the local rulers for establishing settlements. In 1875 a large portion of the mangrove forests was declared as reserved forests under the Indian Forest Act of 1865 (Act VIII of 1865). The remaining portions of the forests were declared a reserve forest the following year and the forest, which was so far administered by the civil administration district, was placed under the control of the Forest Department.
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