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Microsoft Windows is a computer operating system developed by Microsoft. It was first launched in 1985 as a graphical operating system built on MS-DOS. The initial version was followed by several subsequent releases, and by the early 1990s, the Windows line had split into two separate lines of releases: Windows 9x for consumers and Windows NT for businesses and enterprises. In the following years, several further variants of Windows would be released: Windows CE in 1996 for embedded systems; Pocket PC in 2000 (renamed to Windows Mobile in 2003 and Windows Phone in 2010) for personal digital assistants and, later, smartphones; Windows Holographic in 2016 for AR/VR headsets; and several other editions.


Original Windows logo from 1985

Current Windows logo (introduced in 2021)

Timeline showing releases of Windows for personal computers and servers
Personal computer versions
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A "personal computer" version of Windows is considered to be a version that end-users or OEMs can install on personal computers, including desktop computers, laptops, and workstations.

The first five versions of Windows–Windows 1.0, Windows 2.0, Windows 2.1, Windows 3.0, and Windows 3.1–were all based on MS-DOS, and were aimed at both consumers and businesses. However, Windows 3.1 had two separate successors, splitting the Windows line in two: the consumer-focused "Windows 9x" line, consisting of Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows Me; and the professional Windows NT line, comprising Windows NT 3.1, Windows NT 3.5, Windows NT 3.51, Windows NT 4.0, and Windows 2000. These two lines were reunited into a single line with the NT-based Windows XP; this Windows release succeeded both Windows Me and Windows 2000 and had separate editions for consumer and professional use. Since Windows XP, multiple further versions of Windows have been released, the most recent of which is Windows 11. Since Windows 10, Microsoft has effectively turned to the "Windows as a service" servicing model, most likely to ensure it competes with mobile operating systems.

List of Microsoft Windows versions for personal computers
Name Codename Release date Version Editions Build number Architecture End of support
Windows 1.01 Interface Manager November 20, 1985 1.01 — — x86-16 December 31, 2001
Windows 1.02 — May 14, 1986 1.02 — —
Windows 1.03 — August 21, 1986 1.03 — —
Windows 1.04 — April 10, 1987 1.04 — —
Windows 2.01 — December 9, 1987 2.01 — — x86-16, IA-32
Windows 2.03 — December 9, 1987 2.03 — —
Windows 2.1 — May 27, 1988 2.10 — —
Windows 2.11 — March 13, 1989 2.11 — —
Windows 3.0 — May 22, 1990 3.00
Windows 3.00a
Windows 3.0 with Multimedia Extensions
—
Windows 3.1 Janus April 6, 1992 3.10
Windows 3.1
103
Sparta[a] October 31, 1992
Windows for Workgroups 3.1
102 IA-32
Windows NT 3.1 Razzle[1] July 27, 1993 NT 3.1
Windows NT 3.1
528 IA-32, Alpha, MIPS December 31, 2000
Windows 3.11 — November 8, 1993 3.11
Windows 3.11
? x86-16, IA-32 December 31, 2001
Snowball
Windows for Workgroups 3.11
300 IA-32
Windows 3.2 — November 22, 1993 3.2
Windows 3.2
153 x86-16, IA-32
Windows NT 3.5 Daytona September 21, 1994 NT 3.5
Windows NT 3.5 Workstation
807 IA-32, Alpha, MIPS, PowerPC
Windows NT 3.51 May 30, 1995 NT 3.51
Windows NT 3.51 Workstation
1057
Windows 95 Chicago August 24, 1995 4.00
Windows 95
950 IA-32
Windows NT 4.0 Shell Update Release
(Tukwila)

August 24, 1996 NT 4.0
Windows NT 4.0 Workstation
1381 IA-32, Alpha, MIPS, PowerPC June 30, 2004
Windows 98 Memphis[b] June 25, 1998 4.10
Windows 98
1998 IA-32 July 11, 2006
Windows 98 Second Edition — June 10, 1999
Windows 98 Second Edition
2222A
Windows 2000 Windows NT 5.0 February 17, 2000 NT 5.0
Windows 2000 Professional
2195 IA-32 July 13, 2010
Windows Me Millennium September 14, 2000 4.90
Windows Me
3000 IA-32 July 11, 2006
Windows XP Whistler October 25, 2001 NT 5.1
Windows XP Starter
Windows XP Home
Windows XP Professional
2600 IA-32 April 8, 2014
Windows XP 64-bit Edition
Itanium
Freestyle October 29, 2002
Windows XP Media Center Edition
IA-32
Harmony September 30, 2003
Windows XP Media Center Edition 2004
Symphony October 12, 2004
Windows XP Media Center Edition 2005
2700
Emerald October 14, 2005
Windows XP Media Center Edition 2005 Update Rollup 2
2710
Anvil April 25, 2005 NT 5.2
Windows XP Professional x64 Edition
3790 x86-64
Windows Vista Longhorn[3] January 30, 2007 NT 6.0
Windows Vista Starter
Windows Vista Home Basic
Windows Vista Home Premium
Windows Vista Business
Windows Vista Enterprise
Windows Vista Ultimate
6002[c] IA-32, x86-64 April 11, 2017
Windows 7 Windows 7[4] October 22, 2009 NT 6.1
Windows 7 Starter
Windows 7 Home Basic
Windows 7 Home Premium
Windows 7 Professional
Windows 7 Enterprise
Windows 7 Ultimate
7601[d] IA-32, x86-64 January 14, 2020
Windows 8 Windows 8 October 26, 2012 NT 6.2
Windows 8
Windows 8 Pro
Windows 8 Enterprise
9200 IA-32, x86-64 January 12, 2016
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