Understanding Formative vs Reflective Indicators in SEM

This video explains the difference between formative and reflective indicators in a structural equation model. It also provides guidelines on when formative indicator are more appropriate to use in measurement analysis. A discussion of higher order models is also presented as it relates to formative and reflective indicators. If you are looking for more information about structural equation modeling, see my book titled, Applied Structural Equation Modeling using AMOS. The book covers basic topics of SEM such as confirmatory factor analysis along with path and structural models. It also covers more advanced topics such as moderation, mediation, invariance testing, and many more areas. The book can be purchased at:
Amazon:
https://www.amazon.com/Applied-Struct...
and
Barnes and Noble: https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/appl...