Syngamy and Its types: (Isogamy, Heterogamy & Oogamy) Fertilization vs Syngamy

Welcome to my YouTube channel power of knowledge academy. In this video you will learn about Syngamy and types of Syngamy.

Syngamy, is the fusion of two cells, resulting in a cell that has twice as many chromosomes.

There are three types of syngamy i.e. isogamy, heterogamy, and oogamy.

Isogamy:
Isogamy happens when the gametes that fuse together are similar. To avoid self-fertilization, they must have an advanced system of recognition. Different genotypes (mating types) recognize each other with the help of surface proteins, like cells of immune system.

Heterogamy:
Heterogamy is when the gametes are of two different sizes. This difference makes rec848ognition easier, but even more important is division of labor: the female is larger because it has resources to care for the offspring, whereas the males are smaller and can increase in number to allow competition and make fertilization more likely.

Oogamy:
Oogamy is when the gametes also have different mobility. In oogamy, the non-motile female is known as the oocyte, and the flagellate male as the spermatozoon, which is only one mobile gamete here. In some organisms (red algae, sponges, crustaceans, most seed plants), spermatozoon become non-motile spermatium so it will need external agents to move it. Both spermatozoa and spermatia are called sperms.

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