Скачать или смотреть PHY 256 Lecture 4/12: Quantum Systems, States, Operators, Observables, and Probability

This is lecture no. 4 out of 12 for the course "PHY 256: Introduction to Quantum Physics", given online by Dr. Barak Shoshany at the University of Toronto on May 13th, 2020.

For the full playlist with all the lectures:    • PHY 256: Introduction to Quantum Physics (...  

In this lecture, I first cover the final two topics of the required mathematical background: standard deviation and normal distributions. Then the real fun begins! After a brief explanation about dimensionless and dimensionful constants, I start defining quantum theory axiomatically. First, I define quantum systems, quantum states, and quantum operators. Then, I explain how Hermitian operators are related to physical observables, and how to calculate the probabilities for different measurement outcomes of these observables. The material corresponds to sections 3.3.4-3.3.5 and 4.1.1-4.1.4 of the lecture notes.

For more information, including the whiteboard and the lecture notes, please see the course website:
http://baraksh.com/PHY256/