Expectancy theory | Motivational force = (Valence + Instrumentality) × expectancy | Victor H. Vroom

[Game of theories #31] In this episode, I’ll introduce Victor H. Vroom's Expectancy Theory. the expectancy theory is a motivation theory that proposes that an individual's behavior is a result of their conscious choices among alternative actions based on the perceived outcomes of those actions. In other words, people are motivated to act in certain ways based on their expectations of the outcomes of their actions.

The theory has three key components: expectancy, instrumentality, and valence. Expectancy refers to the belief that effort will result in a specific level of performance. Instrumentality refers to the belief that performance will lead to specific outcomes. And valence refers to the value that an individual places on those outcomes.

According to the theory, if individuals believe that their effort will result in high performance, that high performance will lead to desired outcomes, and those outcomes are highly valued, then they will be highly motivated to perform well. On the other hand, if any of these components are lacking, motivation will be low.

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