Скачать или смотреть “Theory and observational evidence of planet atmospheric escape” by Luca Fossati

The long-term evolution of a planetary atmosphere is predominantly shaped by escape, a process leading atmospheric gas to leave the planet's gravitational well and disperse into space. Escape is a fundamental process affecting planetary atmospheric structure, composition, and evolution. For example, within the solar system, escape is known to have shaped the early atmospheres of Venus, Earth, and Mars. The powerful atmospheric escape that affected these planets in the past no longer takes place in the solar system. However, it can be observed and studied on short-period exoplanets. Luca will review the theory of planet atmospheric escape, from Jeans escape to strong hydrodynamic outflow. Luca will further go through some of the most important non-thermal escape processes, which are those relevant for the current solar system planets. Luca will finally present the observational evidence currently available for the existence of atmospheric escape and how it is believed this process affects the observed exoplanet population.