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It refers to the study of reaction rates in monolithic reactors, which are ceramic structures with a network of parallel channels that support catalysts. It involves developing and using chemical kinetic models to understand and optimize how chemical reactions occur within these reactors, which are widely used in industries like petrochemicals and automotive catalytic converters. 
How it works
• Monolith catalyst: 
A solid structure (monolith) is used as a support for a catalyst. This support is engineered with a high-surface-area network of channels. 
• Kinetic model: 
A mathematical model is developed based on experimental data to describe the reaction rate as a function of factors like temperature, pressure, and reactant concentrations. 
• Computational modeling: 
Software, such as Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), is used to create a 3D model of the reactor. This allows engineers to simulate and study the combined effects of fluid flow, heat transfer, and chemical kinetics within the reactor's intricate channel geometry. 
• Optimization: 
The kinetic models and simulations are used to optimize the reactor design for better performance, such as maximizing the desired product yield or minimizing unwanted byproducts like ammonium in nitrate reduction. 
Key applications
• Exhaust gas aftertreatment: Used in catalytic converters for vehicles to convert pollutants into less harmful gases. 
• Chemical synthesis: Employed in the fine chemical industry for processes like hydrogenation reactions. 
• Environmental remediation: Investigated for applications like removing nitrates from water. 

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