Скачать или смотреть Spring Transaction Management Session 02

Spring Transaction Management provides a declarative way to manage transactions in Spring-based applications. It simplifies the process of handling database transactions, ensuring that operations are atomic, consistent, isolated, and durable (ACID properties). Spring supports both programmatic and declarative transaction management, but declarative management is often preferred as it separates transaction management from business logic.

Here's a brief overview of Spring Transaction Management along with annotations commonly used:

*1. Declarative Transaction Management:*

In declarative transaction management, transactional behavior is specified using annotations or XML configuration, separate from the business logic.

*Annotations commonly used in Spring Transaction Management:*

`@Transactional`: This annotation is used to mark a method, class, or interface as transactional. When applied at the method level, it defines the transactional scope for that method. When applied at the class level, it applies to all methods within that class.

`@Transactional(propagation)`: Specifies the transaction propagation behavior. For example, `Propagation.REQUIRED` indicates that a new transaction should be started if one does not exist, while `Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW` always starts a new transaction.

`@Transactional(isolation)`: Defines the transaction isolation level. For example, `Isolation.READ_COMMITTED` ensures that a transaction can only read committed data from other transactions.

`@Transactional(readOnly)`: Indicates whether the transaction is read-only. Setting `readOnly` to true can improve performance as it allows optimizations in certain scenarios.

`@Transactional(timeout)`: Specifies the transaction timeout in seconds. If the transaction exceeds this timeout, it will be automatically rolled back.

*Example:*

```java
@Service
public class ProductService {

@Autowired
private ProductRepository productRepository;

@Transactional
public void updateProduct(Product product) {
productRepository.save(product);
// Additional business logic
}
}
```

In this example, the `@Transactional` annotation marks the `updateProduct` method as transactional. If an exception occurs during the method execution, Spring will automatically roll back the transaction.

*2. Programmatic Transaction Management:*

In programmatic transaction management, transactional behavior is specified programmatically in the application code using Spring's TransactionTemplate or directly working with PlatformTransactionManager.

*Example:*

```java
@Service
public class ProductService {

@Autowired
private PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager;

@Autowired
private ProductRepository productRepository;

public void updateProduct(Product product) {
TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate = new TransactionTemplate(transactionManager);
transactionTemplate.execute(status - {
productRepository.save(product);
// Additional business logic
return null;
});
}
}
```

In this example, we use `TransactionTemplate` to manage transactions programmatically. The `execute` method of `TransactionTemplate` allows executing the transactional logic within a transactional context.

Declarative transaction management is generally preferred in Spring applications due to its cleaner separation of concerns and reduced boilerplate code. However, there are scenarios where programmatic transaction management may be more suitable, such as when transaction boundaries need to be determined dynamically at runtime.

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