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UK Commits to Spending 5% of GDP on National Defense by 2035, Ahead of NATO Summit


Summary:
UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer has announced that the United Kingdom will spend 5% of its GDP on national defense by 2035. The decision comes just ahead of the NATO summit, which focuses on global conflicts and European defense autonomy.


NATO Pressure and Strategic Shift

This move aligns with NATO's revised defense spending targets, although the UK's pace is slower than countries like Poland. The UK successfully negotiated a delayed deadline of 2035 to meet this target.

Breakdown of Defense Spending

The 5% defense budget is divided into two parts:

3.5% for traditional defense (armed forces, weapons, military preparedness)
1.5% for broader national security (cyber defense, energy protection, economic resilience, and infrastructure security).

Authorities describe this model as a “whole-of-society approach to security.”


Internal Resistance and Political Pressure

The UK Treasury showed initial resistance. Chancellor Rachel Reeves faced pressure from pro-defense Labour members and military leadership to meet NATO’s expectations.

Some defense analysts warn the 5% figure may exaggerate actual military capability by reclassifying existing budget items.


NATO Summit and Trump’s Influence

This announcement was made just a day before the NATO summit in The Hague, where former U.S. President Donald Trump is expected to participate. Trump has previously threatened to pull the U.S. out of NATO if allies do not increase their contributions. NATO Secretary-General Mark Rutte has called on all member states to clearly commit to the 5% goal.


Review of UK-China Relations

The UK government will release a new national security strategy, including a long-awaited review of its relationship with China—part of the Labour Party’s manifesto.



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