Скачать или смотреть How to Generate a JWT Token with PowerShell for Azure AD and SharePoint Connections

Learn how to seamlessly generate a `JWT token` using PowerShell to connect with Azure Active Directory and SharePoint using a certificate.
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Introduction

Connecting to Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) and SharePoint can sometimes be quite challenging, especially when it comes to authentication and authorization. One common approach is to utilize a JSON Web Token (JWT) for securing API calls. If you have an Azure AD app registration and are using a certificate for this authentication, generating a signed JWT token with PowerShell can be the key to your success.

In this guide, we will explore how to generate a JWT token from a PFX certificate using PowerShell, as well as how to troubleshoot common issues that you may encounter along the way.

Understanding the Problem

You might have come across situations where you need to make API calls to SharePoint, and you require a client assertion token. When using PostMan for testing these calls, it becomes crucial to generate a valid JWT token. Your existing attempts may lead to errors, particularly when using certain versions of PowerShell.

In this scenario, you may find that the code does not run or returns an exception, especially when working with PowerShell 5 or older versions. In the face of such challenges, it’s beneficial to secure a deeper understanding of how the JWT mechanism functions and how to execute it correctly through PowerShell.

Generating a JWT Token with PowerShell

Pre-requisites

Before we proceed, ensure you have the following:

A valid PFX certificate file for your Azure AD application.

The certificate password.

The necessary libraries for handling JWT tokens.

PowerShell Versions

You'll need to be aware of the PowerShell versions you're using. PowerShell 7 is the recommended version for working with JWT and related libraries, whereas PowerShell 5 may encounter compatibility issues.

Step-by-Step Guide

Step 1: Load Required Libraries

Make sure to load the necessary DLLs into your script. Here’s how you can do it manually:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Step 2: Define Your Variables

Define variables like ClientID, TenantID, CertPassWord, aud, and the path to your PFX certificate:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Step 3: Create the JWT Token Function

Use the following code to generate the JWT:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Step 4: Troubleshooting Common Issues

If you encounter an exception indicating issues with New-Object, it's likely related to your PowerShell version. For PowerShell 5.1 users, specific compatibility modifications might be necessary to ensure proper execution.

Working Example

Here’s a working version you can directly execute in PowerShell 7, ensuring that you’ve added all the mentioned DLLs:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Conclusion

Generating a signed JWT token using PowerShell for Azure AD and SharePoint allows seamless integration and secure API calls. By following this guide, you should be equipped to create your JWT smoothly while also being aware of common errors and their solutions.

If you encounter challenges, don’t hesitate to review your PowerShell version and ensure all libraries are correctly loaded. Happy coding!