Скачать или смотреть Reality vs Imagination: The Brain's Built-In Distinction System

The adult human brain continues to generate new neurons, reshaping memory and learning throughout life. This video also explains how the brain distinguishes real perception from imagination—and why this system fails in hallucinations. This video explores two discoveries that have fundamentally changed how we understand the adult human brain. The first overturns a century-old belief by showing that the adult brain continues to generate new neurons throughout life. The second reveals how the brain decides whether an experience is real or imagined, identifying a concrete neural mechanism behind reality monitoring. Together, these findings reshape ideas about learning, mental health, and brain plasticity well into old age. You will see how adult neurogenesis was proven in humans, why early studies disagreed, and what new neurons are actually good for. The lecture then turns to a different but equally profound question: how the brain distinguishes imagination from perception. By identifying a “reality signal” and a decision threshold in specific brain regions, the video connects basic neuroscience to hallucinations, psychiatric disease, and emerging therapeutic strategies. The unifying message is that the adult brain is far more dynamic—and more fragile—than previously assumed.

What you will learn:
Why the adult brain was long thought incapable of making new neurons
How adult neurogenesis was proven in humans
Who first demonstrated lifelong neuron birth in the hippocampus
Why early neurogenesis studies produced conflicting results
How many new neurons are generated daily in healthy adults
Why young neurons are uniquely plastic and excitable
How adult neurogenesis improves memory pattern separation
Why exercise and learning strongly boost neurogenesis
How the brain distinguishes reality from imagination
What a “reality signal” is at the neural level
Which brain regions encode whether something feels real
How a decision threshold determines perception vs imagination
Why vivid imagination can sometimes feel real
How miscalibrated reality thresholds explain hallucinations
Why schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease involve reality-monitoring errors
How small shifts in neural thresholds cause large clinical effects
What new therapies aim to recalibrate reality monitoring
Why neurofeedback and brain stimulation are promising tools
How these discoveries redefine adult brain plasticity

Timestamps:
00:07 — Two revolutions in adult brain science
00:21 — Adult neurogenesis and the collapse of old dogma
00:47 — Peter Eriksson’s landmark 1998 discovery
01:10 — Why tissue preservation caused scientific confusion
01:44 — Definitive evidence for lifelong neurogenesis
03:12 — Why new neurons improve memory discrimination
03:40 — Exercise, learning, and boosting neurogenesis
04:17 — How the brain judges reality vs imagination
04:41 — The neural “reality signal”
05:21 — Decision thresholds and conscious perception
06:17 — When imagination crosses into perceived reality
07:43 — Hallucinations as threshold failures
09:36 — Quantifying hallucination risk
09:43 — Therapeutic strategies to restore reality monitoring

#Neuroscience #BrainPlasticity #AdultNeurogenesis #Memory #Hallucinations #MentalHealth #CognitiveScience #brainresearch

This video explores two key findings in neuroscience: adult neurogenesis, the generation of new neurons in the mature brain, and how the brain distinguishes reality from imagination. It discusses the controversy surrounding adult neurogenesis and the role of the anterior insula as a reality threshold detector, linking miscalibration to hallucinations. These discoveries reshape our understanding of brain function, neuroplasticity, and mental health, particularly concerning the hippocampus and dentate gyrus within the nervous system. The insights provided contribute significantly to the field of cognitive science.