Скачать или смотреть Week h Communication Port

This lecture explored the essential role of communication in mechatronic and embedded systems, focusing on how microcontrollers, sensors, computers, and actuators exchange data to function as an integrated whole.
It began by distinguishing between serial and parallel communication, emphasizing that serial transmission—sending data one bit at a time—has become the dominant method due to its simplicity, reduced wiring, and high noise resistance. Parallel communication, though faster over short distances, is now mostly limited to internal system buses.
The discussion then covered major wired communication standards. UART provides straightforward point-to-point data exchange, commonly used for debugging and serial monitoring. SPI enables high-speed, full-duplex communication, ideal for sensors, displays, and memory modules. I²C offers a compact two-wire solution for multiple devices on the same board. USB integrates data and power transfer in one cable, while Ethernet supports high-speed networking and power delivery through PoE.
Students also learned the importance of logic-level compatibility, voltage matching, and data conversion, since even advanced protocols can fail if electrical levels are mismatched. The lecture extended to wireless systems—Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, and Li-Fi—which eliminate physical wiring and form the backbone of IoT and distributed intelligent systems.
A key concept highlighted was the trade-off among speed, distance, complexity, and reliability across communication protocols. Selecting the right method depends on application needs, signal environment, and hardware constraints.
Finally, a robotic case study illustrated the practical application: five Dynamixel motors communicating via a half-duplex serial bus. This approach allows all motors to share a single communication line, simplifying wiring and enabling synchronized control and feedback.
In summary, the lecture emphasized that communication is the lifeline of mechatronic systems—bridging sensing, computing, and actuation to transform individual components into cohesive, intelligent, and autonomous machines.