Скачать или смотреть History for Ssc cgl,chsl,mts |Part 4| Ancient India: Mauryan Empire

Certainly! Here's a detailed overview of the Mauryan Empire, a significant dynasty in ancient Indian history:

1. Founding of the Mauryan Empire:

Founder: Chandragupta Maurya, with the help of his advisor Chanakya (Kautilya).
Date: The empire was founded around 322 BCE.
2. Chandragupta Maurya (322 BCE - 298 BCE):

Conquests: Chandragupta expanded the empire through military conquests, notably against the Nanda Dynasty in Magadha.
Administrative Reforms: Established a centralized administration with a bureaucracy and a spy network.
Megasthenes: Greek ambassador Megasthenes visited the Mauryan court and provided valuable accounts of the empire.
3. Bindusara (298 BCE - 272 BCE):

Conquests: Bindusara continued the expansion of the empire, conquering additional territories.
Relations with Hellenistic World: Bindusara maintained diplomatic ties with the Hellenistic rulers, including the Seleucid Empire.
4. Ashoka the Great (272 BCE - 232 BCE):

Early Rule: Ashoka initially engaged in military conquests but later embraced Buddhism after the Kalinga War, where the extensive bloodshed deeply affected him.
Dhamma: Ashoka promoted the principles of non-violence (Ahimsa) and moral conduct through his Dhamma Edicts.
Spread of Buddhism: Ashoka played a crucial role in the spread of Buddhism within and beyond the Indian subcontinent.
Rock and Pillar Edicts: Inscriptions on rocks and pillars across the empire conveyed Ashoka's teachings and policies.
5. Administrative System:

Divisions: The empire was divided into provinces (Janapadas) and districts (Vishayas).
Officials: Administrative officials included Samaharta (chief collector), Yuvaraja (crown prince), and Mahamatyas (high officials).
Provincial Governors: Provinces were governed by royal princes or trusted officials.
6. Decline of the Mauryan Empire:

Possible Causes: Various factors, including weak successors, economic challenges, and external invasions, contributed to the decline.
Fall of the Dynasty: The Mauryan Dynasty eventually fell around 185 BCE.
7. Legacy of the Mauryan Empire:

Cultural Flourish: The Mauryan period witnessed significant cultural and economic developments.
Contributions to Buddhism: Ashoka's support played a crucial role in the spread and preservation of Buddhism.
The Mauryan Empire marked a pivotal period in Indian history, characterized by political unity, cultural growth, and the dissemination of ethical values under Ashoka's rule.

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