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Augmented sixth chords, renowned for their shared tendency tones and strong pull towards the dominant, have been pivotal in classical compositions. Originating from the Phrygian half cadence, composers merged chromatic tones to form these chords, leading to their evolution from preceding climactic cadences to more liberal usage throughout pieces. Unlike traditional chords, augmented sixth chords derive intervals from the bass rather than stacked thirds above a root. They consist of a minor form of scale degree 6 as the bass, augmented by scale degree 4, both resolving to scale degree 5. These chords, categorized as Italian, French, or German, reflect national orchestration preferences, exemplifying the lightness of opera in Italian compositions, the grandeur of German orchestral music, and the whole-tone tendencies in French works. Analyses of compositions like Beethoven's Symphony No. 5, Schubert's Moment Musical No. 6, and Chopin's Mazurka in A minor illustrate composers' adeptness in utilizing augmented sixth chords for climactic cadences, harmonic ambiguity, and passing tones. Beethoven's Bagatelle Op. 33 No. 4 showcases his mastery, seamlessly transitioning through multiple augmented sixth chords before resolution. These examples highlight the versatility and significance of augmented sixth chords in classical repertoire, demonstrating their role in shaping harmonic progression and creating evocative musical landscapes.

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0:00 Intro
0:00 What are Augmented 6th Chords?
0:36 How are Augmented 6th Chords different from other chords?
1:14 Origins of the It+6, Fr+6, and Ger+6
2:20 The 3 types of Augmented 6th Chords
4:12 Where do the names of these chords come from?
5:10 How Beethoven Uses an It+6 in Symphony No.5
6:14 How Beethoven Uses a Ger+6 in “The Tempest” Sonata Mvt III
7:32 Mozartian Fifths
8:18 How Beethoven Uses a Cadential 6/4 Chord to resolve a Ger+6 in “Pathetique” Mvt III
8:31 How Schubert Uses a It+6 in Moments Musicaux, Op.94 No.6
9:16 How Beethoven Uses a Fr+6 in in “Pathetique” Mvt III
10:23 How Chopin Uses a Ger+6 as a Passing Chord
11:19 How Beethoven Uses all 3 Augmented 6th Chords in a single Sequence
12:30 Outro


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How the Great Composers Used Augmented 6th Chords © 2024 by The Soundtrack of History is licensed under CC BY-ND 4.0

How the Great Composers Used Augmented 6th Chords © 2024 by The Soundtrack of History is licensed under CC BY 4.0