Скачать или смотреть Medina: The Heart of Early Islam

In the history of Islam, Medina holds great importance as it's the second most sacred city and strengthened the foundation of Islam.

Ancient Medina Medina's old name was Yathrib. It is also mentioned in the Qur'an by this name. Jewish tribes (Banu Qaynuqa, Banu Nadir, Banu Qurayza) and Arab tribes (Aws and Khazraj) lived here. The city was famous for its date orchards and agriculture.

Migration to Medina In 622 AD, when Muslims faced persecution in Mecca, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and his companions migrated to Medina by the order of Allah. This event is called Hijra, and the Islamic calendar (Hijri year) starts from this.

Upon arrival, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) established the mosque "Masjid Nabawi" and formed a bond of brotherhood between the migrants and the "Ansar" (helpers).

Islamic State in Medina The first Islamic state was established in Medina. Misaq-e-Madina was created, considered the first written constitution in the world. It detailed the rights and duties of Muslims and non-Muslims.

Significant Battles Several important battles occurred during the Medina period: 1. Battle of Badr (2 AH) — The first major victory for Muslims.

2. Battle of Uhud (3 AH) — Temporary loss for Muslims.

3. Battle of the Trench (5 AH) — Medina was saved from siege.

After the Conquest of Mecca Even after the conquest of Mecca in 8 AH, Medina remained the center of the Prophet (PBUH).

In 10 AH, during the Farewell Pilgrimage, the Prophet (PBUH) gave his last sermon.

The Prophet (PBUH) passed away in 11 AH and was buried in Masjid Nabawi in Medina.

Today’s Medina Today, Medina is known as "Medina Munawwara." Here lies the "Masjid Nabawi," the "Rawdah Rasool" (Prophet's grave), "Jannat al-Baqi" and many other historical sites.

This city is a hub of love and devotion for Muslims worldwide.