Preparation of Competent Cells Using Calcium Chloride - Amrita University

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Plasmid transformation into bacterial competent cells is a key technique in molecular cloning. Competent cells are those that possess more easily altered cell walls that DNA can be passed through easily. These cells readily incorporate foreign DNA. In order to make bacteria take in the plasmid, they must first be made "competent" to take up DNA. This is done by creating small holes in the bacterial cells by suspending them in a solution with a high concentration of calcium.

There are two main methods for preparation of competent bacterial cells for transformation, the calcium chloride and the electroporation method.