Heart Rate Maximum = 220-Age Is Wrong

We take a dive into the research surrounding the 220-age equation. It is 'surpsiring', with flaws and poor science. However, recent research still uses age alone as a single predictor of heart rate maximum, although they are making more population-specific equations, they still have quite large prediction errors.

Thanks to the scientists that spent the enduring hours doing this research.

Video suggestions in the comments will be read!

References:
Robergs, R.A. and Landwehr, R., 2002. The surprising history of the" HRmax= 220-age" equation. Journal of Exercise Physiology Online, 5(2), pp.1-10.

Verschuren, O., Maltais, D.B. and Takken, T.I.M., 2011. The 220‐age equation does not predict maximum heart rate in children and adolescents. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 53(9), pp.861-864.

Shargal, E., Kislev-Cohen, R., Zigel, L., Epstein, S., Pilz-Burstein, R. and Tenenbaum, G., 2015. Age-related maximal heart rate: examination and refinement of prediction equations. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 55(10), pp.1207-18.

Machado, F.A., Kravchychyn, A.C.P., Peserico, C.S., Silva, D.F.D. and Mezzaroba, P.V., 2018. A new age-based equation for predicting maximum heart rate in endurance-trained runners. Revista Brasileira de Ciências do Esporte, 40(1), pp.100-105.