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Summary: Learn how to troubleshoot and fix the HTTP ERROR 500 during Laravel deployment. This guide covers common causes and solutions to ensure a smooth deployment process for your Laravel application.
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Laravel Deployment HTTP ERROR 500: Troubleshooting and Fixes

Deploying a Laravel application can be a seamless process, but encountering an HTTP ERROR 500 can be frustrating. This error typically indicates a server-side issue that prevents the application from running properly. In this guide, we'll explore common causes of the HTTP ERROR 500 during Laravel deployment and provide steps to resolve them.

Common Causes of HTTP ERROR 500

File Permissions

Incorrect file permissions can prevent the server from accessing necessary files. Ensure that the storage and bootstrap/cache directories are writable by the web server. You can set the correct permissions using the following commands:

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Environment Configuration

A misconfigured environment file (.env) can lead to server errors. Check the following:

Ensure the .env file exists and has the correct settings.

Verify that APP_KEY is set. If it's missing, generate a new key using php artisan key:generate.

Confirm database connection settings are accurate.

Composer Dependencies

Outdated or missing dependencies can cause errors. Run the following commands to update and install dependencies:

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Cache Issues

Caching issues can also trigger a 500 error. Clear various caches using Artisan commands:

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Server Configuration

Ensure the server is properly configured to run a Laravel application. Check the following:

The PHP version should be compatible with your Laravel version.

Necessary PHP extensions (e.g., OpenSSL, PDO, Mbstring, Tokenizer, XML) should be installed.

The web server's document root should point to the public directory of your Laravel application.

Error Logs

Inspect the server and application error logs to identify specific issues. Laravel logs can be found in the storage/logs directory. Look for the laravel.log file for detailed error messages.

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Conclusion

Encountering an HTTP ERROR 500 during Laravel deployment can be challenging, but understanding common causes and their solutions can streamline the troubleshooting process. Ensure file permissions are correct, the environment configuration is accurate, dependencies are up-to-date, caches are cleared, the server is configured properly, and error logs are reviewed. By addressing these areas, you can resolve the error and ensure a smooth deployment of your Laravel application.