Скачать или смотреть History of the Republic of Uganda

“Uganda,” coined from Swahili, “Land of the Ganda,” is a landlocked country located in east-central Africa. Dominated by rain forest, the country sits on a central plateau. With its high volcanic mountains to the eastern and western borders, Uganda is surrounded by South Sudan to the north, Tanzania and Rwanda to the south, Kenya to the east, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) to the west. With a population of about 41,584,000, Uganda has a total area (SQ MI) of 93,263 and a total area (SQ KM) of 241,551. Known as Jamhuri ya Uganda in Swahili, the Republic of Uganda has a multiparty republic with one legislative house and Kampala as its capital. There`s evidence of human activity in Uganda as far back as 100,000 years ago when the Bantu-speaking cultivators cleared the forest to raise cattle, goats, and chickens. They also practiced agriculture with the use of iron-forging technology. Pre-colonial rule in Uganda, called the Buganda Kingdom, at the time, was headed by a king who was identified with the clan of his mother, rather than that of his father, unlike many other kingdoms. Whenever the ruling Kabaka died, the clan elders chose his successor from the eligible princes who belonged to the clan of the late king`s mother.  In the 1890s, British Indian laborers were recruited to East Africa to construct the Uganda Railway. After the project, some of the workers decided to stay back in East Africa to trade. They also took control of the cotton ginning and sartorial retail. Uganda became a protectorate of the British Empire in 1894, with the colonial administration headed by a governor. The protectorate’s affairs were executed by public officers which the Colonial Office in London appointed. By the 1950s, the Ugandans began to actively push for independence. Their struggle for independence was further aided by the fact that the British lost effective power due to their failure to serve as a factor of cohesion. Uganda eventually gained independence on the 9th of October, 1962, and it was in the same year that Sir Frederick Mutesa, the Kabaka or ruler of the territory of Buganda, was elected the first President of Uganda. As a monarch, he had challenges taking orders from the head of the national government Milton Obote, who he considered a commoner. Obote eventually became dictatorial, as he introduced military rule in Uganda.