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B-Trees in Data Structures

A B-tree is a self-balancing search tree widely used in databases and file systems to efficiently store and retrieve large amounts of data. Unlike binary search trees, each node in a B-tree can have multiple keys and multiple children, making it ideal for disk-based storage where minimizing access time is crucial.

B-trees maintain all data in sorted order and allow searches, insertions, and deletions in logarithmic time. When a node becomes full, it splits into two nodes, ensuring that the tree remains balanced and its height stays low. This property significantly reduces disk I/O operations, improving performance.

Because B-trees keep data spread across fewer, larger nodes, they are particularly effective in applications such as database indexes, file directory structures, and block-oriented storage systems. Overall, B-trees provide a scalable and efficient way to manage large datasets.