Скачать или смотреть Neuron | Structure, Function and Types of Neuron | Biology Important Topic

Neuron | Structure, Function and Types of Neuron | Biology Important Topic

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In this video we are going to discuss about neuron it's structure function and it's types

NOTES-

Neuron Definition
“Neurons are the fundamental unit of the nervous system specialized to transmit information to different parts of the body.”

What is a Neuron?
Neurons are the building blocks of the nervous system. They receive and transmit signals to different parts of the body. This is carried out in both physical and electrical forms. There are several different types of neurons that facilitate the transmission of information.
The sensory neurons carry information from the sensory receptor cells present throughout the body to the brain. Whereas, the motor neurons transmit information from the brain to the muscles. The interneurons transmit information between different neurons in the body.

Neuron Structure
A neuron varies in shape and size depending on its function and location. All neurons have three different parts – dendrites, cell body and axon.

Parts of Neuron
Following are the different parts of a neuron:

Dendrites
These are branch-like structures that receive messages from other neurons and allow the transmission of messages to the cell body.

Cell Body
Each neuron has a cell body with a nucleus, Golgi body, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and other components.

Axon
Axon is a tube-like structure that carries electrical impulse from the cell body to the axon terminals that pass the impulse to another neuron.

Neuron Types
There are three different types of neurons:

Sensory Neurons
The sensory neurons convert signals from the external environment into corresponding internal stimuli. The sensory inputs activate the sensory neurons and carry sensory information to the brain and spinal cord. They are pseudounipolar in structure.

Motor Neurons
These are multipolar and are located in the central nervous system extending their axons outside the central nervous system. This is the most common type of neuron and transmits information from the brain to the muscles of the body.

Interneurons
They are multipolar in structure. Their axons connect only to the nearby sensory and motor neurons. They help in passing signals between two neurons.


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