Eisenhardt's approach to multiple case study

Multiple case study is a prevalent approach in qualitative research, with Kathleen Eisenhardt's method being a notable example. Unlike quantitative research, which has clear right and wrong methodological choices, qualitative research offers more diversity and requires deeper expertise. Two primary templates have emerged in management research: the Eisenhardt method and the Gioia method. Eisenhardt's approach, sometimes termed "realist," emphasizes facts and events over interpretations. It seeks to understand events themselves, aiming for more objectivity by focusing on events rather than individual interpretations, which can introduce bias.

Eisenhardt's method involves analyzing multiple cases, typically ranging from four to ten. The process begins with a within-case analysis, followed by cross-case comparisons to derive generalizable theories. This approach leans towards a quantitative style, often classifying cases based on dimensions and seeking associations between variables. The goal is not just to identify associations but to explain the causal processes behind them. Data analysis in this method is comprehensive, starting with quantifying data, seeking patterns, and iterating many times until a theory emerges. Theoretical saturation, where no new information is gained from additional cases, signals the end of data collection. Typically, eight to ten cases are analyzed using this method.

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