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Who is sultan Mehmed II?
Sultan Mehmed II, also known as Mehmed the Conqueror (Mehmed el-Fatih in Turkish), was an Ottoman sultan who reigned from 1444 to 1446, and then from 1451 until his death in 1481. He is most famous for his conquest of Constantinople in 1453, which marked the end of the Byzantine Empire and established the Ottoman Empire as a major power in both Europe and Asia. Here are some key points about him:
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1. **Early Life**: Mehmed II was born on March 30, 1432, in Edirne, then the capital of the Ottoman Empire. He was the son of Sultan Murad II.

2. **Conquest of Constantinople**: His most significant achievement was the capture of Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) on May 29, 1453. This event ended the Byzantine Empire and transformed the city into the new capital of the Ottoman Empire, marking a pivotal moment in world history.

3. **Military Campaigns**: Besides Constantinople, Mehmed II led numerous military campaigns that expanded the Ottoman Empire's territories in the Balkans, Anatolia, and beyond. He conquered Serbia, the Morea, Trebizond, Bosnia, and parts of Albania and Wallachia.

4. **Administration and Culture**: Mehmed II was also known for his interest in culture, science, and the arts. He encouraged the development of Istanbul as a cultural and intellectual hub, inviting scholars, artists, and architects from various parts of the world. He also took steps to reorganize the administrative structure of the empire.

5. **Legacy**: Mehmed II's legacy is profound. He transformed the Ottoman Empire into a transcontinental empire and laid the foundations for its future expansion. His reign is often considered the beginning of the classical period of the Ottoman Empire.

Mehmed II's epithet, "the Conqueror," reflects his military successes and his role in shaping the course of Ottoman and world history.