Dry Mouth or Xerostomia: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

We want YOU to become the best dental student and professional you possibly can be! Join us as we explore the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for this xerostomia or dry mouth.
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Xerostomia refers to having the sensation of a dry mouth, this is often accompanied by a decrease in salivary secretion. This compromises the oral environment, making the mouth more susceptible to bacterial growth, decay, sore tongue, impaired taste, halitosis, difficulty in speaking, and other oral health complications.

It can be triggered by various factors, including medications, systemic diseases, hormonal changes, radiation therapy, aging, salivary gland trauma or tumours, nutritional deficiencies and lifestyle choices.

Diagnosis often starts with a medical history and an oral exam, sometimes requiring specialized tests for severe cases, such as Salivary Flow Rate Test, Sialometry, Sialography, Biopsy, and Blood Tests.

Treatment is multi-faceted, involving medication adjustments, saliva substitutes, and sometimes surgical procedures. Supportive measures like hydration and lifestyle changes are also key to managing symptoms effectively.


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