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VLDL cholesterol is a “bad” form of cholesterol because, in excess, it causes plaque buildup (atherosclerosis) in your arteries. A normal VLDL level is below 30 mg/dL. Your healthcare provider can measure your VLDL cholesterol through a simple blood test. If your VLDL is high, lifestyle changes and medication can help.VLDL stands for “very-low-density lipoprotein.” VLDL is a type of lipoprotein that your liver creates and sends out into your bloodstream.Lipoproteins are particles that transport lipids (fats) in your blood. Due to their chemical structure, fats (like cholesterol and triglycerides) can’t travel solo through your blood. That’s why they need lipoproteins to carry them to various organs and tissues throughout your body.The main job of VLDL is to carry triglycerides and cholesterol to the places that need them. In their transport role, VLDLs help your body gain energy, store energy and regulate blood pressure. So, they’re important for your overall body function. But having too many VLDLs in your blood can be dangerous and raise your risk of cardiovascular disease.VLDL particles contain mostly triglycerides (a form of fat). They also contain cholesterol, fatty acids and a form of protein called apolipoprotein B (apoB). Research has linked high levels of apoB in your blood with increased risk for cardiovascular disease.All lipoproteins are made of fats and proteins. But the chemical makeup differs based on the specific type of lipoprotein. For example, each type of lipoprotein contains different amounts of fat and protein, as well as different forms of each. Researchers call VLDLs “triglyceride-rich lipoproteins” because of their high triglyceride content.
What is VLDL vs. VLDL cholesterol?
Most people use “VLDL” and “VLDL cholesterol” interchangeably. But there’s a difference worth knowingVLDL refers to the lipoprotein, or the particle, that your liver creates. This particle transports fats and proteins in your blood. VLDL is a bit like a bus. The passengers on the bus include the different fats and proteins that need a ride. Cholesterol is one of those passengers. VLDL cholesterol refers to the cholesterol that’s carried on VLDL particles throughout your blood.Is VLDL bad cholesterol?
VLDL cholesterol is “bad” when there’s too much of it in your blood. You need some to support your body’s needs. But high levels of VLDL cholesterol can raise your risk of atherosclerosis (buildup of plaque in your arteries).The role of VLDL in atherosclerosis
When your liver produces more VLDLs than you need, your body has to metabolize them (break them down). Your body uses VLDLs to make intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDLs) and ultimately LDLs. These are important lipoproteins that your body needs. But, again, your body only needs so many. Excess LDLs in your blood can become trapped inside the walls of your arteries and promote plaque growth.Research shows that the combination of high VLDLs and high LDLs is more dangerous than high levels of either of those alone. Plus, when your body breaks down VLDLs to make LDLs, some leftover bits remain. These “remnant particles” are made mostly of cholesterol. They’re small enough to get trapped inside your artery walls and promote atherosclerosis.Atherosclerosis is dangerous because it narrows your arteries and raises your risk for various forms of cardiovascular disease, including:Coronary artery disease.
Cerebrovascular disease.
Peripheral artery disease.
Aortic aneurysm.
Which is worse, LDL or VLDL cholesterol?
Both LDL cholesterol and VLDL cholesterol contribute to plaque buildup in your arteries. One isn’t worse than the other, and they’re both equally atherogenic (meaning they promote atherosclerosis).How is VLDL cholesterol measured?
Healthcare providers measure VLDL cholesterol through a type of blood test called a lipid panel. This test shows how much cholesterol is in your blood (total cholesterol). It also provides a breakdown of the different types of cholesterol (HDL, LDL and VLDL). It shows your level of triglycerides, too, which are another form of fat that travels on lipoproteins (especially VLDLs).The lab that interprets your test results uses a math formula to calculate your VLDL based on your level of triglycerides. Your triglycerides are generally five times higher than your VLDL level. If you have a severe form of hypertriglyceridemia (high triglycerides), this formula may not be accurate. In that case, your provider will use other methods to measure your VLDL.

What is the VLDL cholesterol normal range?
The normal range for VLDL is below 30 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL). High VLDL cholesterol is 30 mg/dL or above.

What happens if VLDL cholesterol is high?