The 13th amendment has a loophole permitting involuntary servitude for convicts, which former Confederate states exploited with convict leasing and vague vagrancy statutes. To take advantage of this loophole, the former Confederate states passed harsh vagrancy laws that criminalized “loafing,” which meant that any black person who was picked up by the law in a southern town was thrown in jail so he could be leased out to plantation owners under the overseer’s whip, like it was under slavery, or they were leased out to other businesses such as factories, railroads, brick kilns, and mines. Convict leasing was brutal, sometimes convict laborers died on the job. These convict laborers were often treated worse than slaves had been treated, slaves had been valuable property before the Civil War, they were worth as much then as economy cars are worth now, but after the Civil War the life of a black freed man literally had no value.
We discuss:
• The link between democracy and a fair judicial system, which includes voting rights, black suffrage, trial by jury, and due process, which was denied to blacks.
• How the convict labor system was strongest in the Black Belt, the rich cotton farmland stretching from South Carolina through Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana.
• How President Theodore Roosevelt spoke at Tuskegee Institute and invited the black leader Booker T Washington to a private dinner in the White House, scandalizing Southerners.
• How the Roosevelt Administration was only partially successful in prosecuting convict labor cases in the Deep South.
• How, in all systems of slavery, women slaves were commonly assaulted, and how slaves who worked in mines had the highest mortality rate.
• How FDR, aka Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and Attorney General Biddle, successfully prosecuted cases of convict labor in response to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, so fascist regimes in World War II could not accuse America of hypocrisy.
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As Socrates teaches us, the examined life is a life worth living. We would be fools if we did not desire to learn from our multitude of friends whose words live in the works of the classics that have survived from past centuries and millennia. The Stoic and moral philosophers of Greece and Rome saw philosophy as an evangelical enterprise, seeking to spread the joy of living a godly life for its own sake.
Our projects include:
Studying the teachings of the ancient and modern stoic and moral philosophers on how to better lead a godly life.
Studying ancient and modern history to learn moral lessons and learn how we can successfully live a life of faith in trying times, including civil rights and social gospel history.
Studying issues of morality in the Catholic, Orthodox, Protestant and Jewish traditions.
Everyone should join and participate in their local church. However, my internet persona is purposefully obscure so that I can be respectful of all genuine Judeo-Christian traditions, I do not wish to be disrespectfully polemical.
This is original content based on research by Bruce Strom and his blogs. Images in the Public Domain, many from Wikipedia, some from the National Archives, are selected to provide illustration. When images of the actual topic or event are not available in the Public Domain, images of similar objects and events are used for illustration.
All events are portrayed in historical context and for educational purposes. No images or content are primarily intended to shock and disgust. The ancient world was a warrior culture out of necessity, to learn from the distant past we should not only judge them from our modern perspective but also from their own ancient perspective on their own terms.
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