Скачать или смотреть How to Run or Execute a Script in PowerShell

Learn how to run or execute scripts in PowerShell with this step-by-step guide, covering script preparation, execution policies, and different methods for running scripts.
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Running or executing a script in PowerShell is a straightforward process, but it requires some understanding of the environment and the necessary steps to ensure scripts run smoothly and securely. Here’s a comprehensive guide on how to run a script in PowerShell.

Preparing Your Script

First, ensure that your script is ready to be executed. PowerShell scripts are typically written with the .ps1 file extension. You can create a script using any text editor, such as Notepad, Visual Studio Code, or the PowerShell Integrated Scripting Environment (ISE). Save the script with a .ps1 extension, for example, myscript.ps1.

Setting the Execution Policy

PowerShell has an execution policy that determines the conditions under which scripts are allowed to run. To run scripts, you may need to change the execution policy. Here are the common execution policies:

Restricted: No scripts are allowed to run.

AllSigned: Only scripts signed by a trusted publisher can be run.

RemoteSigned: Scripts downloaded from the internet must be signed by a trusted publisher.

Unrestricted: All scripts can be run, but warnings appear when running unsigned scripts.

To check the current execution policy, open PowerShell and run:

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To change the execution policy, you may need to open PowerShell as an administrator and use the following command:

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You can replace RemoteSigned with your preferred policy. Confirm the change if prompted.

Running the Script

There are several methods to run a PowerShell script:

Method 1: Using the File Path

Navigate to the directory where your script is located or provide the full path to the script. In the PowerShell prompt, type:

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If the script is in a different directory, provide the full path:

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Method 2: Using the Invoke-Expression Cmdlet

You can also run a script using the Invoke-Expression cmdlet:

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Method 3: Running Scripts via PowerShell ISE

If you’re using the PowerShell Integrated Scripting Environment (ISE), you can open your script in ISE and run it by pressing the F5 key or clicking on the "Run Script" button.

Handling Script Permissions and Security

Ensure that your scripts do not pose a security risk, especially when running scripts downloaded from the internet. Always review the script code and understand what it does before executing it. Running scripts with elevated permissions should be done cautiously.

Automating Script Execution

For automated script execution, you might want to schedule your script to run at specific times using the Task Scheduler. To schedule a PowerShell script:

Open Task Scheduler.

Create a new task and configure it with a trigger (e.g., daily at 9 AM).

In the "Action" tab, set the program to powershell.exe and add the script path in the arguments field:

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Conclusion

Running scripts in PowerShell involves preparing your script, setting the appropriate execution policy, and choosing a method to execute the script. By following these steps, you can efficiently run and manage your PowerShell scripts, enhancing your automation and scripting capabilities.