How USA Wiped Out Native Americans | Red Indians

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HBO Films for Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee 2007
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California genocide
Chapters
0:00 Who are Red Indians
0:41 Five Civilized Tribes
1:06 Indian Removal Act
2:09 Trail of Tears
3:13 Georgia Gold Rush
4:08 California Genocide

The Tragic Impact of American Government Policies on Native Americans

Native Americans, the Indigenous peoples of America, have lived on these lands since the Ice Age. The term "Red Indians," once used in the 19th century, is now considered outdated and derogatory. In the early 19th century, the Five Civilized Tribes—Cherokee, Creek, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Seminole—thrived in Georgia and Mississippi, engaging in trade and establishing governments. However, this changed drastically with the signing of the Indian Removal Act by President Andrew Jackson on May 28, 1830.

This act forced the relocation of Native tribes from their ancestral lands to territories west of the Mississippi River, primarily Oklahoma. The Cherokee's forced migration, known as the "Trail of Tears," resulted in the deaths of over 16,000 people due to exhaustion, disease, and harsh weather conditions. Many faced exorbitant fees for transportation and were often denied medical treatment, compounding their suffering.

The displacement was driven by greed for land and resources, especially after the discovery of gold in Georgia. This desire continued with the California Gold Rush, which led to the California genocide—systematic violence that decimated the Indigenous population, dropping from about 150,000 in 1848 to just 16,000 by 1900 due to disease, starvation, and massacres.

The genocide of Native Americans is a dark chapter in U.S. history, marked by violence, forced displacement, and cultural erosion, with lasting impacts on Native communities today.