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PAINTING LAYERS and how scientific analysis reveals the painting structure and composition
Paintings have a complex layered structure. When we admire paintings we only see the top layers of a painting. The painting structure is more complex than what we see, and it is made up of: the painting support, a layer of glue and a ground layer, a sketch, a primer (or imprimitura), several paint layers which contain the pigments mixed with the binders, and finally a layer of varnish. Scientific analysis of paintings can reveal details about the painting structure and composition. Different scientific methods can be used to study the different layers of a painting. X-rays can penetrate the full depth of a painting and thus can be used to extract information about different layers. The sketch layer can be accessed and imaged by Infrared reflectography. The paint layers can be studied using a variety of scientific methods like XRF, PIXE, IR, Raman, and mobile NMR. Learning about the structure of a painting and the painting composition can help with the painting conservation and restoration.

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My blog post on "PAINTING LAYERS: How Scientific Analysis Reveals the Painting Structure and Composition": https://www.mariabaias.com/post/paint...

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X-ray fluorescence:    • WHAT IS X-RAY FLUORESCENCE (XRF) and the A...  

IR spectroscopy:    • Introduction to Infrared Spectroscopy and ...  

Mobile NMR:    • Mobile NMR and the Use of NMR Relaxation a...  

Electromagnetic spectrum:    • WHAT IS THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM and A...  

Painting structure article: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science...

Glues in painting lining: https://assets.researchsquare.com/fil...

Grounds and primers: https://www.artcons.udel.edu/mitra/Do...

Grounds for paintings: https://www.trueart.info/?page_id=188

Infrared reflectography: https://www.opusinstruments.com/intro...

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About me: My name is Maria Baias. I'm a scientist and a Sci-Fi/Fantasy writer. When I was working in academia, in my research, I use different scientific methods to study precious objects of cultural heritage, such as ancient mummies and bones, paintings, and violins. One of my scientific research projects involves developing a scientific method to identify fake paintings. I love our world heritage and I want to share with the world fascinating cultural heritage stories through my videos, my blog, and my novels.

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