Cloud Fundamentals-Networking-Data link layer(OSI Model)

MAC Address:6:45,Frame: 10:45 ,CSMA/CD :18:00 ,Hub: 27:00,Switch: 32:00

The data link layer is responsible for the creation, transmission, and reception of data frames between nodes on the same network level. It uses the physical layer to send and receive packets, and it's divided into two sublayers: the Logical Link Control (LLC) sublayer and the Media Access Control (MAC) sublayer.
Here are some things to know about the data link layer, frames, switches, hubs, and CSMA/CD:
Data link layer
The data link layer is responsible for local delivery of frames, addressing, and media arbitration. It also performs error detection and correction, and flow control to synchronize the sender's and receiver's speeds.
Frames
Data link protocol data units are called data-link frames.
Switches
A network switch operates on the data link layer and uses the MAC address of incoming messages to determine where to send them. Switches reduce the likelihood of collisions by acting as a single collision domain for each port.
Hubs
In the past, all devices connected to a hub would send data simultaneously, which caused a lot of network noise and collisions.
CSMA/CD
Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) is a network protocol that determines when a device can transmit data by checking if the communications channel is clear. When a device wants to send data, it checks the channel, and if it's idle, it transmits the data. If there are other communications, it waits a random time interval and tries again