Скачать или смотреть Implantation Failure? It Could Be Uterine Natural Killer (uNK) Cells! | Dr Jay Mehta, Mumbai

Hi, I’m Dr Jay Mehta from Shree IVF Clinic.
In today’s video, I’m explaining uterine natural killer cells, also known as uNK cells, and their role in reproductive immunology. These cells are different from the ones you find in regular blood tests. While natural killer (NK) cells generally float around in your bloodstream, a specific group settles in the uterus and plays a huge role in successful implantation and pregnancy.
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Video Flow
0:00 – Introductioon
0:46 – Role of NK cells in immune system
1:32 – uNK cells and embryo interaction
2:31 – Hormonal effect on NK cells
3:01 – Ideal uNK concentration
3:43 – Effect of uNK imbalance
4:08 – Testing via biopsy and CD56 marker
4:44 – Treatment based on uNK levels
5:25 – Comprehensive testing with other markers
6:01 – Conclusion
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Implantation Failure? It Could Be Uterine Natural Killer (uNK) Cells! | Dr Jay Mehta, Mumbai

What Are Uterine Natural Killer Cells?
NK stands for natural killer. These are immune cells meant to attack and destroy abnormal threats in the body. They usually circulate in the bloodstream, but a fraction enters the uterus and becomes uterine NK cells. Their
activity in the uterus is crucial. The concentration of these cells in the blood is measured as peripheral NK cell count, while the ones inside the uterus are unique and more specialized.

How Are uNK Cells Formed?
Estrogen and progesterone, released from the ovaries, transform peripheral NK cells into uterine NK cells. Estrogen comes from the follicle, while progesterone is secreted from the corpus luteum. Once these hormones are released, they act on the peripheral NK cells, turning them into uterine NK cells that function in the endometrium.

How Do uNK Cells Affect Embryo Implantation?
When the embryo enters the uterus, uNK cells interact with it to support implantation. These cells don’t just sit there. They actively engage with the embryo’s HLAC and G antigens, triggering specific receptors called KIR on the uNK cells. This interaction is critical. Too few or too many uNK cells disrupt this balance and can prevent implantation.

What’s the Ideal Level of uNK Cells?
In a healthy uterus, the ideal uNK cell concentration is between 10% and 20%. If the count crosses that threshold, due to inflammation, pelvic infection, endometriosis, adenomyosis, or chronic endometritis, it creates an overly reactive immune environment. That’s bad for implantation. The same applies when the levels are too low, which happens in people with poor immunity. Either way, implantation can fail and miscarriage risk increases.

How Do We Test uNK Cell Levels?
We need a sample from your endometrium, which we usually collect during the second half of your cycle. That’s when the corpus luteum forms and the hormonal environment is optimal. We use a pipelle to take a biopsy, then test the sample using immunohistochemistry. CD56 is the marker we use to quantify these uNK cells.

What Happens After the Test?
Based on the uNK cell concentration, we group patients into three categories. One, if your count is normal, you don’t need treatment. Two, if it’s too low, we need to boost your immune activity using modulators. Three, if the uNK count is high, we use immune suppressants to bring it down. This helps create the right environment for embryo implantation.

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About Dr Jay Mehta & Shree IVF Clinic

Dr Jay Mehta is the Scientific Director of Shree IVF Clinic, a Luxury Facility for Advanced Assisted Reproduction and Advanced Pelvic Surgery in Mumbai. He is a very well-known Fertility Specialist and is one of the few specialists in the country who is also an extremely sound Embryologist and Andrologist.

For Online or Clinical Appointments, call us at +917738155558



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