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The pearl of the Great Silk Road - the city of Turkestan - one of the oldest cities not only in Kazakhstan, but also in Central Asia. Emerged in the year 490, it reached its peak in the 12th century. The place was not chosen by chance: here the paths of trade caravans running from Samarkand, Bukhara and Khiva crossed, to the north. Surrounded by powerful walls, Turkestan was the administrative center of the Central Asian rulers from the dynasties of Khorezmshah, Mongols, Timurids, Sheibanids. In the XVI - XVIII centuries. It was the capital of the Kazakh Khanate, located at the junction of nomadic and sedentary cultures, at the crossroads of trade routes. In this city, the majestic ceremony of accession to the throne of the Khans, with the participation of representatives of other states. The glory of the city spread throughout the world. There are a lot of shrines, mausoleums and monuments of architecture. Turkestan gained fame in the Islamic world as a religious center and there are always a lot of tourists, pilgrims and adventurers.