#18 Python Tutorial for Beginners | User input in Python | Command Line Input

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In this lecture we are discussing about:
- How to get user input
- input function
- printing input message
- Type of input data
- When to use index value
- eval function
- Passing values from command line
- Argument line input

#1 How to get user input
-- Getting user input in Python is straightforward. You can use the input() function
to get input from the user. The input function takes a single argument, which is the
prompt message displayed to the user.

e.g
name = input("Please enter your name: ")
x=input("Enter first number: ");
y=input("Enter second number: ");
z=x+y;
print(z);


#2 input function
-- In Python, the input() function is used to accept user input from the command line or console.
name=input("Enter your name:");
print(name);
-- In this example, the input() function prompts the user to enter their name. Whatever the user types
in response is stored in the name variable.
-- Note that the input() function always returns a string, so if we want to use the user's input as a number,
we'll need to convert it using the appropriate type-casting function (e.g., int() for integers or float() for
floating-point numbers).

#3 Types of input data
-- The input() function always returns a string, regardless of what the user enters.
we may need to convert the input to a different data type if you want to perform calculations or other operations on it.

e.g
x=input("Enter first number: ");
a=int(x);
the input entered by the user is converted to an integer using the int() function in this example.

#4 when to use index value
-- If you want to get a single character from the user, we can use the input() function and index the result.
e.g
ch=input('enter a character: ');
print(ch[0])

ch=input('enter a character: ')[0];
print(ch);

#5 eval function
eval function
-- The eval() function in Python is used to evaluate an expression entered by the user as a string.
The eval() function returns the result of the expression as a value.

e.g
x=eval(input("Enter an expression: "));
typeOf = type(x);
print(typeOf);

#6
Passing values from command line
-- sys module provides access to any command-line arguments via the sys.argv list.
we can pass arguments to a Python script from the command line using the sys.argv list.
The first argument in the list is always the name of the script itself.

suppose we have a file named Mycode.py
in file we have written code
import sys # without this line you will get error
x=sys.argv[1];
y=sys.argv[2];
z=x+y;
print(z);

in command line we have to run this file
#python3 Mycode.py 9 5
0 1 2

Note: Mycode is count as 0th argument
9 is count as 1st argument
5 is count as 2nd argument

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