Скачать или смотреть Introduction to Arrays Questions with Answers | Data Structure

Introduction to Arrays forms a fundamental part of programming and data structure courses. Arrays are a linear data structure used to store multiple values of the same data type under a single variable name. This unit introduces students to the core concepts of arrays, including their definition, types, memory representation, and various operations.

The unit begins by explaining the basic concept of arrays, covering one-dimensional arrays, which are simple linear structures, and multidimensional arrays, which include two-dimensional and higher-dimensional forms like matrices and tables. Understanding the layout and access patterns of these arrays is crucial for efficient memory usage and program design.

It also delves into the representation of linear arrays in memory, where elements are stored in contiguous memory locations. This section includes formulas to compute the address of any element using the base address and index, which is important for low-level memory manipulation and performance optimization.

Next, students learn key array operations, such as:

Traversal – visiting each element of the array,
Insertion – adding a new element at a specific position,
Deletion – removing an existing element from a given index.

The unit then focuses on sorting algorithms, which are used to arrange the elements in ascending or descending order:

Bubble Sort – compares adjacent elements and swaps them,
Selection Sort – selects the smallest/largest element and places it in the correct position,
Insertion Sort – builds the sorted list one item at a time,
Merge Sort – a divide-and-conquer algorithm that divides the array and merges the sorted parts.

Finally, the unit covers searching techniques to locate elements in an array:

Linear Search – checks elements one by one; suitable for unsorted arrays,
Binary Search – divides the array and searches efficiently; applicable only to sorted arrays.

This unit is essential for building a strong foundation in data structures and algorithms (DSA). The concepts taught here are frequently used in competitive programming, technical interviews, and software development.