Low Carb Diet DATA Distortion

For more on LDL and ApoB, see these prior videos:

- Cardiovascular Controversy: ApoB and All Cause Mortality    • Debating Death: What does the Researc...  

- THIS is Why There is Confusion about Lean Mass Hyper-Responders with high LDL on Ketogenic Diets:    • THIS is Why There is Confusion about ...  

- How to LOWER LDL on Keto. No meds!    • How to LOWER LDL on Keto. No meds!  

Supplemental Table 5 Lists Lipid Levels for the whole LCHF cohort of 2,034 participants. LDL-C levels were 3.71 mmol/l vs 3.62 mmol/l in the SD group. That’s a difference of 0.09, which can be converted to mg/dl by multiplying by 38.67. 0.09 * 38.67 = 3.48 mg/dl. Absolute mean levels of ApoB were 1.06 g/L and 1.03 g/L in the LCHF and SD groups, respectively.

For interest - and because I know the question will arise - TG mean levels in the LCHF cohort were 133 mg/dl in the LCHF group and 137 mg/dl in the SD group.

A point I do not make in the video regarding the JACC Advances paper, but that's worth considering, is that when they restrict analysis to subjects who completed at least 2 dietary questionnaires (Supplemental Table 7C), covering at least 2 days of eating (rather than 1), between group significance disappears, p = 0.34 (aHR CI: 0.49 - 8.14). This is likely due to decrease in power, but is nevertheless notable.

With respect to my comment on the macronutrient profile of a Burger King Whopper and Fries, Nutritionix lists the following macronutrient profile(s):

Whopper: 680 kCal, 40g fat, 55g total carbohydrate, 4g fiber, 35g protein
Medium Fries: 328 kCal, 15g fat, 45g total carbohydrate, 3.4g fiber, 3.8g protein

Math:
55g fat * 9 Cal/g + 92.6g net carbohydrate*4 Cal/g + 38.8g protein*4 Cal/g =
495 Cal fr Fat + 370.4 Cal fr Carbs + Cal + 155.2 Cal fr Pro

%Cal Carbs using Cal reported = 370.4 Cal / (1008 Cal) = 36.7%
* using the Cal sum from macros, which can and usually do vary slightly, the denominator is adjusted to 1020.6 Cal, and the %Cal Carbs is 36.3%

References
Iatan I et al. Association of a Low-carbohydrate High-fat Diet with Plasma Lipid Levels and Cardiovascular Risk. JACC Advances.

Siedelmann SB et al. Dietary carbohydrate intake and mortality: a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis. The Lancet Public Health.

Kukuc L et al. Abstract 17808: Rapid Progression of CAD after stopping a statin and starting a ketogenic diet in a phenotypic lean mass hyper-responder. Circulation.

Chapters
0:00 – Introduction
1:12 – JACC Advances Paper
8:48 – Keto Diet Shorten Lifespan
10:00 – LMHR with rapid Plaque Progression
13:33 – Conclusion