This video explores the concepts and determinants of health behavior. Health is defined as a multi-dimensional state of physical, mental, social, and spiritual well-being, not merely the absence of disease (1:25-1:52). The socio-ecological model emphasizes the significant role of environmental factors in health (2:07-2:24).
The video discusses two important concepts of health:
Taxonomy of Diseases (3:47-5:04): This model identifies three components:
Impairment: Changes in an individual's body due to psychological, physiological, or anatomical reasons.
Disability: Changes in what an individual can and cannot do due to impairment.
Handicap: Changes in an individual's relationship with their physical and social environment, resulting from disability.
Epidemiological Triangle of Health (5:36-6:26): This model highlights the interaction between three factors in disease:
Agent: Chemical or biological causative factors.
Host: Genetic or acquired factors within an individual.
Environment: Biological, social, physical, or other external factors.
Various determinants of health are outlined (6:48):
Age (6:57-8:32): Health problems generally increase with age, with exceptions for genetic conditions.
Socioeconomic Status (SES) (8:33-10:32): Lower SES is consistently linked to more communicable diseases, while higher SES individuals may suffer from different types of illnesses (e.g., coronary heart disease, diabetes).
Gender (10:32-11:43): Women tend to experience more chronic problems and pain-associated disorders, while men are more prone to acute illnesses and conditions like coronary heart disease.
Geographical Location (11:55-12:38): Living in polluted or hazardous environments negatively impacts health.
Lifestyle Choices (12:41-13:10): Stress, diet, and exercise habits are crucial determinants of health.
Genetic Factors (13:13-14:12): Genetic predisposition can influence susceptibility to illness, especially when combined with environmental factors or unhealthy lifestyles.
Cultural and Community Influences (14:15-14:22).
Work Environment/Job (14:24-15:00): High-risk, stressful, or physically demanding jobs can lead to more illnesses.
Education (15:01-15:30): Educated individuals with knowledge about disease causation and prevention tend to be healthier.
Access to Health Services (15:42-17:38): Timely access to healthcare, including vaccinations and regular check-ups, significantly impacts health outcomes.
Societal Factors (17:41-19:23): Political situations, government programs (e.g., polio campaigns), environmental factors (e.g., urbanization, population density), and national policies all play a role.
The video also presents Lalonde's Health Field Concept (20:55-21:40), which divides health determinants into four major components:
Human Biology (21:40-23:18): Involves genetic makeup, physical condition, maturation, aging, and susceptibility to diseases, contributing 10-15% to health status.
Environment (23:30-27:56): Accounts for 20-25% of health status and includes physical (access to clean water, air, diet, housing, safety) and social aspects (socioeconomic background, employment, social support).
Healthcare Organization (21:33).
Lifestyle Behaviors and Risk Factors (28:03-29:17): Contributes significantly (50-60%) to health status, emphasizing the importance of healthy habits like regular eating, sleep, exercise, and diet.
The video concludes by emphasizing that lifestyle is a crucial determinant of health, largely within an individual's control (30:05-30:28), suggesting that health is "very much in our hands" (30:28-30:31).
🌟 Welcome to Swayam Prabha 🌟
Subject: Psychology
Course Name: BA Psychology
Name of Presenter: Dr Suneetha Kandi
Affiliation / Institute: Dept of Psychology, Andhra University
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📌 This video is part of the Swayam Prabha initiative and is intended for academic and educational purposes only.
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