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porto:

1.porto Wine
Heritage, trade, and craftsmanship.

2.Douro River
Porto’s openness to travel, trade, and culture.

3.Azulejos (Blue Tiles)

Beauty, storytelling, and faith.

The blue-and-white ceramic tiles that decorate churches and train stations (like São Bento Station) reflect Portuguese identity and Porto’s artistic soul

4.Practical reasons – Protection and cooling

Portugal’s humid coastal climate (especially in Porto) caused walls to absorb moisture.

Covering buildings with glazed tiles or mosaic protected them from rain and salt air.

The shiny surface also reflected sunlight, helping to keep interiors cool in summer.

5. Old Urban Layout from the Middle Ages

Porto is one of Europe’s oldest continuously inhabited cities (founded over 1,000 years ago).

The city developed organically, not with modern planning — streets followed the hills’ natural curves and people’s footpaths, not straight lines.