Explained: Supreme Court Upholds EWS Quota | 10% EWS Reservation | UPSC Prelims & Mains 2023

Recently, a five-judge bench of the Supreme Court upheld the validity of the 10% reservation for economically weaker sections (EWS) in government jobs and educational institutions in a 3:2 verdict, saying it did not violate the basic structure of the Constitution.

It further said that the reservation does not cause damage to any essential feature of the Constitution by exceeding the 50 per cent ceiling for quota since the ceiling is itself flexible.

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Social justice has been one of the cherished goals of the makers of our Constitution. It is believed that the EWS quota is essentially a form of social justice for the economically marginalised.

In this backdrop, it is important to understand about the EWS Quota in-depth. What is EWS Quota? What is the recent Supreme Court Judgement on EWS Quota? What is the 50 per cent ceiling for reservations? Does EWS quota breach the basic structure of the Constitution? Will EWS be treated as a separate category? Is the EWS judgement contrary to the Constitution's philosophy? for answers to all these questions, watch this video.

In this lecture, we will discuss:
1. Constitutional bench upholds EWS Quota (00:00)
2. Majority view of the constitutional bench (04:42)
3. Horizontal v/s vertical reservations (13:39)
4. Economically Weaker Section Quota / EWS Quota (17:16)
5. Eligibility criteria for EWS Quota (17:47)
6. Significance of EWS Quota (19:58)
7. Concerns with respect to EWS Quota (21:42)
8. Four Questions in EWS judgement (23:50)
9. Can there be quotas based on economic criteria alone? (24:00)
10. Is exclusion of SC/ST, SEBC from quota discriminatory? (24:43)
11. Can the quota for poor breach the 50% ceiling for reservations? (25:15)
12. Can private colleges be forced to have EWS quota? (26:46)
13. Is reservation a permanent feature of the Indian Constitution? (27:35)

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