Скачать или смотреть Oil refinery process | how oil is refined? | 3d animation |

Oil refinery process | how oil is refined? | 3d animation |
oil refineries require a great deal of water and raw material they are therefore generally located near hydrocarbon deposits pipeline distribution centers and harbors

usually crude oil is transported to oil refineries by pipelines there oil is first heated and vaporized in a tube furnace then the vaporized oil is conveyed to a distillation column oil is a mixture of several thousand types of saturated hydrocarbons the aim of the oil refining process is to separate these into different fractions there are two types of oil refining products from the first are motor fuel and heating fuels while those from the other are lubricants oil refining is based on the fact that the components of crude oil have different boiling points crude oil can therefore be separated into its constituent parts by distillation in the distillation column the oil vapor rises and starts to cool down as soon as any component of the oil reaches its boiling point it condenses to liquid on the plates in the columns these distillates also called fractions are gathered in fraction collectors diesel oil condenses at the bottom of the distillation column where it is the hottest substances with low boiling points for example petrol condense further up the column while gaseous components including methane and ethane are removed at the top of the column the residue of fractional distillation is which is removed at the bottom of the column after being reheated mazut may be further distilled this is how lubricant oils are produced today however only a small portion of these are used as lubricants the rest are mainly used for producing high octane low carbon motor fuel of good quality this is done by cracking which is a breaking down process following the distillation process the resulting residue is bicumin which is used for road

construction


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