Low Sperm Count Causes, Symptoms and Treatment | Oligospermia Explained by Dr. Nisha Bhatnagar

Hi, I am Dr. Nisha Bhatnagar, Sr. IVF Consultant, Aveya IVF

Today, we are going to discuss about Low Sperm Count or Oligospermia, its causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.

So, let’s start with explaining what does it mean to have a low sperm count?

A low sperm count, also called oligozoospermia, is where a man has fewer than 15 million sperm per milliliter of semen. Having a low sperm count can make it more difficult to conceive naturally, although successful pregnancies can still occur.

Now, there are different types of oligospermia.

Mild Oligiospermia is where 10-15 mill sperms per mil of semen are found.
Moderate is where 5 – 10 mill sperms are found in per mil of semen
Severe oligiospermia is where 1- 5 mil sperms are found in per mil of semen
And, Cryptospermia is a condition where 0 to rare sperms are found in per mil of semen. An additional test is required in this case.

Now let us discuss the symptoms of low sperm count:

One of the primary symptom of low sperm count is the inability to conceive. For this condition, unfortunately no major signs are there but occasionally, cases of chromosomal abnormality or hormonal imbalance, low sexual drive or problem in maintaining erection or some swelling in testicle area might be seen.

If you are suffering from any of these symptoms, it is advisable that you see your fertility expert immediately. Your doctor will be able to prescribe some semen analysis test for low sperm count, which can determine the number of sperms per mil of semen.

Let us now talk about the various treatment options available for low sperm count or Oligospermia.

Surgery. For example, a varicocele can often be surgically corrected or an obstructed vas deferens can be repaired. Prior vasectomies can be reversed. In cases where no sperm are present in the ejaculate, sperm can often be retrieved directly from the testicles or epididymis using sperm retrieval techniques.

Treating infections. Antibiotics can cure an infection of the reproductive tract, but this doesn't always restore fertility.

Treatments for sexual intercourse problems. Medication or counseling can help improve fertility in conditions such as erectile dysfunction or premature ejaculation.

Hormone treatments and medications. Your doctor might recommend hormone replacement or medications in cases where infertility is caused by high or low levels of certain hormones or problems with the way the body uses hormones.

Assisted reproductive technology (ART). ART treatments involve obtaining sperm through normal ejaculation, surgical extraction or from donor individuals, depending on your specific situation and wishes. The sperm are then inserted into the female genital tract, or used for IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection.

These treatments can help you father a child even with low sperm count.

There are certain ways in which you can try to increase the sperm count naturally.

There are some dietary changes that your doctor can suggest. Foods rich in certain nutritional value might be helpful
Some supplements might also help
If you are a smoker, then you must quit smoking
Yoga & exercise can help too

Now, let me discuss a case of a patient at Aveya IVF with oligospermia and how he is now fathering a child.

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