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Studying Neutrino Interactions with IceCube
Spencer R. Klein for the IceCube Collaboration

IceCube observes the most energetic neutrinos seen anywhere, with energies up to 10,000 times higher than can be produced at man-made accelerators. These neutrinos are a unique tool for studying high-energy neutrino interactions. Measurements of neutrino absorption in the Earth are sensitive to the total neutrino-nucleon cross-section, while studies of neutrino interactions within the IceCube detector can be used to measure inelasticity. Both of these measurements can be sensitive to beyond-standard-model physics and to the parton (quark and gluon) distributions within nuclei. Alternately, one can assume that the cross-section is known, and use absorption to probe the interior of the Earth. Looking ahead, IceCube Gen 2 will extend these measurements to much higher energies, providing an energy reach that goes beyond CERN’s Large Hadron Collider.