How often have you been told that your report or thesis does not look professional because it lacks a proper list of references?
If you write reports and want those reports to be taken seriously, then this video is for you. Especially if you plan to submit your reports to an institute, then they might ask you to submit the references in a particular format, such as APA or IEEE.
In this video, let’s look at how you can manage references in LaTeX. The reason for using LaTeX is the professional typesetting that you simply cannot get with word processors such as Word.
The way references work in LaTex is very simple. You add a list of \bibitem commands for each reference. Each \bibitem command contains a key for that particular reference. You keep adding your references using \bibitems commands and enclose them within \begin{thebibliography} and \end{thebibliography).
To cite a reference in your actual report or essay, you use the \cite command and provide the key that corresponds to the reference you wish to cite.
Now you might have a question. Suppose you want to submit your report to an organization or institution that expects you to format the references in a different style. In this case you might have to manually format your \bibitem entries to conform to that format.
To help you with this, you have access to a tool named BibTeX, which comes bundled with your LaTeX installation.
However, a much more powerful and flexible solution is achieved thanks to an auxiliary tool called BibTeX (which comes bundled as standard with LaTeX). To use BibTeX, you only need to create or download a .bib file and include the references in that file in a given format.
Changing your citation style impacts the formatting of how the citation appears in your referencing statement as well as how it appears in the list of references.
Now, let’s see how BiBTeX helps us.
A .bib file is just a plain text file, so you can view and edit it easily. The structure of the file is also quite simple. An example of a BibTeX entry:
@article{abc,
author = "ABC",
title = "XYZ",
year = "2023",
journal = "MyJournal"
}
Each entry starts with the alpha symbol followed by the type of entry, such as article. Then you specify the citation key and the details corresponding to the reference, such as the title, year, volume, and so on.
To output a list of references, all you need to do is add the command \bibliography with the .bib or .bib files you have used, before \end{document}. And in the line before it, you can define the bibliography style that you want to use, like so:
\bibliographystyle{plain}
The bibliography style tells BibTeX how to format the information stored in the .bib file.
To cite a reference, use \cite followed by the reference key in braces. You can even cite more than one reference at a time, by separating the list of reference keys with commas.
If you’re using Overleaf, then this much should help you cite and list your references.
Sometimes, if you do not actually cite any reference in your report but still want a list of references to be printed, then add the following command:
\nocite{*}
If you’re using a local installation of TeX, you might find that running pdflatex or xelatex or lualatex command does not produce the desired effect. This is because there is a sequence that LaTeX follows in processing your .bib file.
If you want to change your reference and citation style, then add the package biblatex and provide the style within the options. For example, you can use the APA or IEEE citation styles. Then add the reference to the .bib file using the command, \addbibresource in the preamble. Finally, to print the bibliography, use the command, \printbibliography.
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