Greek Pronunciation: φ θ χ (phi theta chi), the full history | Ancient Greek & Latin 🏺

The pronunciation of Ancient Greek is a fascinating story that stretches from the epic Homeric legends through Classical Greece and Rome to the modern era. How did the sound of Greek change from early to late antiquity to the Mediaeval period to the present? In this series of videos, I will answer those questions, and many more! 🇬🇷

The letters φ (phi), θ, (theta), and χ (chi) have been a point of controversy for many, and in this video I'll tell you about some new things I've discovered while researching this topic. The answer to how these letters are pronounced my surprise you!

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Sources: see below.

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Intro and outro music: Overture of Die Zauberflöte (The Magic Flute) by Mozart

SOURCES

Vox Graeca, by w. Sidney Allen
https://amzn.to/3FsiCT6

Vox Latina, by W. Sidney Allen
https://amzn.to/3WdPxSY

Greek: A History of the Language and its People, Geoffrey Horrocks
https://amzn.to/3FXYedR

The Pronunciation of Greek and Latin, Edgar Howard Sturtevant
https://amzn.to/3W4nt45

#greek #koine #latin

00:00 Intro to Phi, Theta, Chi
01:26 Sources
02:08 φ θ χ in Modern Greek
03:06 Definition of "Ancient Greek"
03:48 The Ancient Language Institute
05:07 φ θ χ in Classical Attic
07:48 φ θ χ into Latin
09:49 Evidence from Egypt
13:48 Evidence from Pompeii
14:53 Thermopolium of the Phoenix
16:25 Adding λάσθε to injury
18:10 χ as a fricative?
21:30 Contradiction
24:33 Resolution?
26:08 θ fricative in Sparta?
28:00 Practical approaches to pronunciation
30:18 Classical Attic?
31:12 The trouble with aspirates
34:54 The trouble with affricates
38:07 Fricatives
39:38 Caveats for Spanish & English speakers
40:30 What to do in Latin
43:46 Johnny 5

#IPA #greek #linguistics