Скачать или смотреть NCERT Class 11 Geo Ch 12: World Climate & Koppen Classification for UPSC |

Welcome to Simplified UPSC by पठति पठत: पठन्ति! In this comprehensive discussion, we'll dive deep into the crucial concepts of World Climate, Climate Change, and their classification, essential for UPSC Prelims and Mains (GS Paper I & III).

We conduct a UPSC-centric analysis based on NCERT Class 11 Geography, Chapter 12, focusing on the core concepts of 'World Climate and Climate Change' found in the textbook.

This lecture breaks down the necessity and methodology of the *Koppen Climate Classification* scheme (Groups A through H). We analyze the characteristics of Tropical (AW/Savanna), Dry (BWH/BWK), Warm Temperate (Mediterranean CS), Cold Snow Forest, and Polar Climates, relating them directly to geographical distribution and vegetation patterns.

We integrate **UPSC Previous Year Questions (PYQs)**, thoroughly analyzing why major hot deserts (like Sahara and Atacama) are located on the western margins of continents, focusing on the role of Subtropical High Pressure Belts (STHPs), Trade Winds, and **Cold Ocean Currents**.

The second half addresses *Climate Change**, reviewing natural vs. human causes. We detail the **Greenhouse Effect**, the sources of major GHGs (CO2, Methane), their severe impacts (sea level rise, extreme weather), and the global mitigation strategies laid out in the **Kyoto Protocol* and the **Paris Agreement**.

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📝 SUMMARY 📝
This video provides a detailed UPSC analysis of NCERT Class 11 Geography, Chapter 11 (World Climate and Climate Change). It covers the Koppen Classification system (A, B, C, D, E, H groups), explaining climate types like Savanna and Mediterranean. A major focus is analyzing the factors causing desert formation (Subtropical Highs, Cold Ocean Currents, Trade Winds) through the lens of UPSC Mains PYQs. Furthermore, the lecture addresses current Climate Change, reviewing natural vs. human causes, the role of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs), global warming impacts, and key international protocols (Kyoto, Paris).

⏰ TIMESTAMPS ⏰
00:00 - Introduction & Importance for UPSC
01:03 - Need for Climate Classification
01:39 - Koppen’s Empirical Classification Scheme
02:21 - Group A: Tropical Humid Climates (AF, AM, AW)
04:34 - Group B: Dry Climates (BS, BW) & Subtropical Highs
06:48 - Mains Analysis: Why Hot Deserts are on Western Margins
09:21 - Group C: Warm Temperate / Mid-Latitude Climates (CS, CFA)
10:39 - Group D: Cold Snow-Forest Climates (DF, DW)
11:50 - Group E: Polar Climates (ET, EF)
12:41 - Group H: Highland Climates & Vertical Zonation
13:17 - Climate Change: Natural Cycles vs. Current Trends
14:43 - Anthropogenic Causes & Greenhouse Gases (GHGs)
15:47 - Major GHGs (CO2, Methane, N2O) & Sources
17:24 - Impacts of Global Warming (Sea Level Rise, Extreme Weather)
17:58 - International Efforts (Kyoto Protocol & Paris Agreement)
19:18 - UPSC Prelims Takeaways (Key Concepts & Locations)
20:25 - UPSC Mains Takeaways (Analytical Points)

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