📚 Chapter 13: The Romantic Age (1798–1815)
Welcome to the heart of British Romanticism — a literary movement that reshaped imagination, emotion, and the human spirit. 🌿💫
This chapter explores the Romantic Age, beginning with the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge’s Lyrical Ballads (1798) — the manifesto of a new poetic era. We’ll uncover how poets, novelists, and critics rebelled against neoclassical restraint and embraced freedom, nature, and individuality.
🕊️ Historical Context:
The Romantic Age was born in the shadow of the French Revolution (1789–1799) — a force that awakened dreams of liberty and equality. Writers like Thomas Paine, Edmund Burke, and Mary Wollstonecraft debated politics, revolution, and the rights of men and women.
📖 Major Writers & Thinkers Covered:
William Wordsworth (1770–1850) — Lyrical Ballads, The Prelude, Tintern Abbey
Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772–1834) — The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, Kubla Khan, Dejection: An Ode
Robert Southey (1774–1843) — Poet Laureate, Thalaba the Destroyer
Lord Byron (1788–1824) — Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, Don Juan
Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792–1822) — Prometheus Unbound, Ode to the West Wind
John Keats (1795–1821) — Ode on a Grecian Urn, Endymion, To Autumn
Leigh Hunt (1784–1859) — critic, poet, mentor to Keats and Shelley
John Clare (1793–1864) — “the peasant poet” who wrote of nature and rural loss
Charles Lamb (1775–1834) — Essays of Elia
William Hazlitt (1778–1830) — essays on poetry, theatre, and imagination
Thomas De Quincey (1785–1859) — Confessions of an English Opium-Eater
Jane Austen (1775–1817) — Pride and Prejudice, Emma, Sense and Sensibility
Maria Edgeworth (1768–1849) — Castle Rackrent, pioneer of the regional novel
🪶 Key Themes & Features:
✅ Emotion and imagination over reason
✅ Worship of nature and rural life
✅ Belief in the dignity of the individual
✅ Sympathy with revolution and reform
✅ The supernatural, dream, and visionary experience
✅ Rise of the personal essay and reflective prose
✅ Revival of interest in folklore, history, and national identity
🎯 Included in App:
✔️ Lesson Plan
✔️ Classroom & PDF Notes
✔️ PYQs (Previous Year Questions)
✔️ Last-Minute Revision Notes
✔️ Daily Notes Hub
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