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When Sound Becomes a Levitation Force — The Physics of Acoustic Levitation

Meet acoustic levitation — suspending matter in mid-air using nothing but sound waves.
By generating intense ultrasonic standing-waves, engineers create zones of extremely high acoustic pressure that exert upward force on objects, opposing gravity and enabling them to hover. These forces, known as acoustic radiation forces, arise when sound waves reflect and interfere, forming stable nodes where objects can float.

What makes it extraordinary:

Objects—ranging from droplets, beads and insects to small crystals—can be held in mid-air without contact, reducing contamination and mechanical interference.

Recent advances use acoustic metamaterials and phased-array transducers to trap multiple particles in arbitrary 3-D configurations—moving beyond simple vertical levitation.

Applications span from container-less chemistry (letting droplets react undisturbed) to precision materials processing, biotechnology (manipulating cells), and even micro-robotic assembly—all possible because of this physics trick.


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Reference (Vancouver style):
Polychronopoulos S, Memoli G. Acoustic levitation with optimized reflective metamaterials. Sci Rep. 2020;10:4254.