Скачать или смотреть Compact fluorescent lamp | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact...


00:02:16 1 History
00:05:09 2 Design
00:09:40 3 Characteristics
00:09:50 3.1 Spectrum of light
00:12:25 3.2 Lifespan
00:14:51 3.3 Energy efficiency
00:17:50 3.4 Cost
00:20:58 3.5 Failure
00:21:54 3.6 Dimming
00:24:33 3.7 Power factor
00:25:37 3.8 Infrared signals
00:26:14 3.9 Outdoor use
00:26:54 3.10 Starting time
00:28:11 3.10.1 Flashing when off
00:28:58 4 Health and environmental impact
00:29:09 4.1 General
00:32:23 4.2 Mercury content
00:36:30 4.3 Recycling
00:38:53 4.4 Greenhouse gases
00:39:57 4.5 Acoustic noise
00:40:22 5 Use and adoption
00:43:48 6 Other lighting technologies
00:43:59 6.1 LED
00:45:30 6.2 Cold-cathode fluorescent lamps



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SUMMARY
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A compact fluorescent lamp (CFL), also called compact fluorescent light, energy-saving light, and compact fluorescent tube, is a fluorescent lamp designed to replace an incandescent light bulb; some types fit into light fixtures designed for incandescent bulbs. The lamps use a tube which is curved or folded to fit into the space of an incandescent bulb, and a compact electronic ballast in the base of the lamp.
Compared to general-service incandescent lamps giving the same amount of visible light, CFLs use one-fifth to one-third the electric power, and last eight to fifteen times longer. A CFL has a higher purchase price than an incandescent lamp, but can save over five times its purchase price in electricity costs over the lamp's lifetime. Like all fluorescent lamps, CFLs contain toxic mercury which complicates their disposal. In many countries, governments have banned the disposal of CFLs together with regular garbage. These countries have established special collection systems for CFLs and other hazardous waste.
The principle of operation remains the same as in other fluorescent lighting: electrons that are bound to mercury atoms are excited to states where they will radiate ultraviolet light as they return to a lower energy level; this emitted ultraviolet light is converted into visible light as it strikes the fluorescent coating (as well as into heat when absorbed by other materials such as glass).
CFLs radiate a spectral power distribution that is different from that of incandescent lamps. Improved phosphor formulations have improved the perceived color of the light emitted by CFLs, such that some sources rate the best "soft white" CFLs as subjectively similar in color to standard incandescent lamps.White LED lamps now compete with CFLs for high-efficiency lighting, and General Electric is stopping production of domestic CFL lamps in favour of LEDs.